#PLATELETS ARE CELL FRAGMENTS. SKIN#

Hematocrit is the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells (RBCs).

There are also regulatory proteins such as enzymes involved in the chemical reactions that occur in the blood and hormones that are being transported throughout the body to their target cells.

They are converted to another protein called fibrin during clotting.

Are proteins important in clotting of blood following trauma to the blood vessels.

There are also smaller globulins that bind, support, and protect certain water-insoluble or hydrophobic ions, hormones and other compounds that might otherwise be filtered out of the blood at the kidneys or have very low solubility in water.

These proteins include antibodies ( immunoglobulins) which attack foreign proteins and pathogens.

Globulins ( immunoglobulins) (38% of blood proteins)

Albumins can transport lipids and steroid hormonesĢ.

Albumins contribute to the thickness (viscosity) of blood.

This pressure is important in driving fluid into capillaries from the interstitial space.

These maintain the osmotic pressure of the blood.

Blood proteins are made in the liver and confined to the bloodstream.

3% other substances - electrolytes, nutrients, hormones, gases, waste products.

7% plasma proteins (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen).

Negative feedback systems (hormones) maintain constant blood volume and pressure.

Blood volume: 5 to 6 liters in average male, 4 to 5 liters in average female.

More viscous than water - flows more slowly than water.

#PLATELETS ARE CELL FRAGMENTS. SKIN#

Blood vessels in the skin are dilated (relaxed) or constricted so that heat from the body can be given off or conserved. The blood also regulates body temperature.Buffers in the blood stabilize the pH of the fluid surrounding cells (extracellular fluid). Blood regulates the pH and electrolyte composition of the interstitial fluids.

White blood cells (leukocytes) in the blood help defend against infection The blood also defends against pathogens and toxins.Platelets in the blood and clotting proteins minimize blood loss when a blood vessel is damaged. The blood restricts fluid losses through damaged vessels.Blood picks up wastes and carries it to the kidneys, lungs, and other organs of excretion.Blood picks up hormones from endocrine glands.Blood picks up nutrients from the digestive tract.Blood picks up O2 from the lungs and drops off CO2.The blood transports dissolved gases, nutrients, hormones, and metabolic wastes There are no visible fibers in plasma, but there are proteins that can be converted to fibers under certain conditions (e.g.Blood is made of a liquid matrix called plasma and 3 types of formed elements (cells or cell fragments).Nutrients and oxygen diffuse from the blood into the interstitial fluid & then into the cells.Interstitial fluid (fluid between the cells) that bathes the cells of the body.Blood composed of plasma and a variety of cells, transports nutrients and wastes.Cells of the Body are Serviced by 2 Fluids

Platelets are cell fragments.